New Scientific Analysis Identifies “Brain Energy Bottleneck” as Key Mechanism behind Klario®’s Improved Outcomes vs Glucose Alone in Diabetes Hypos
New Scientific Analysis Identifies “Brain Energy Bottleneck” as Key Mechanism behind Klario®’s Improved Outcomes vs Glucose Alone in Diabetes Hypos
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- A scientific explanation for the hypo hangover: The analysis identifies a ‘brain energy bottleneck’ caused by NAD+ depletion that prevents brain cells from using glucose even after blood sugar returns to normal — explaining the fatigue and brain fog associated with standard glucose-only products.
- Bridging the “Recovery Gap”: This framework explains how Multi-Energy Substrates for Hypoglycaemia (MESH™) products such as Klario can bypass the brain energy bottleneck using adaptive energy to deliver improved clinical outcomes – including fewer repeat episodes and better patient-reported recovery – compared with glucose alone.
- A new direction for hypo care: The framework supports a shift in hypoglycaemia management “from glucose alone towards glucose plus an oxidative substrate” — positioning Klario at the frontier of evidence-based hypo self-care.
London, UK — A new peer-reviewed, translational medicine analysis published in Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism brings together experimental, clinical and >1,000‑episode real‑world data to propose the first scientific explanation for the lingering cognitive symptoms after diabetes hypos —and provides rationale for a new, mechanism‑based approach to recovery.
The open-access publication, authored by leading international diabetes specialists, proposes a “brain energy bottleneck” as an explanation for why complete recovery from hypos can take time even after blood glucose is restored — and how multi energy substrate approaches such as Klario® may help address this.
Rethinking recovery after hypoglycaemia
Hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar, or “hypo”) is a common and disruptive part of life for people with insulin-treated diabetes. Standard care restores blood glucose with fast-acting carbohydrate, but many experience prolonged brain fog, fatigue – or a “hypo hangover” — even after glucose normalizes.
The new translational medicine analysis proposes that these symptoms reflect a temporary ‘bottleneck’ in brain energy metabolism, meaning that restoring glucose in the bloodstream does not immediately restore energy inside brain cells.
A new framework: beyond glucose
The authors suggest that combining glucose with adaptive energy sources — such as beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and lactate — may help support brain energy production while glucose metabolism recovers.
“This may inform the evolution of hypoglycaemia management from ‘glucose alone’ towards ‘glucose plus an oxidative substrate’ where appropriate in day-to-day care.”
— Professor Julia Mader, co-author (EASD Board Member, Medical University of Graz)
Klario applies this principle through its proprietary MESH™ (Multi-Energy Substrate for Hypoglycaemia) formulation. The ‘brain energy bottleneck’ hypothesis offers an explanation for the improved functional and cognitive recovery observed with Klario, compared to glucose-only products, in clinical studies. Outcomes, include:
- A significant 27% reduction in recurrent hypo episodes.
- Significantly improved CGM Time-in-Range in the two-hour post-treatment window.
- Significant improvement in patient reported outcomes: faster return to normal activity (75%), faster resolution of fatigue and brain fog (70%), greater sense of control (82%).
These results position Klario at the forefront of a broader shift in hypoglycaemia management — from simply correcting blood glucose to supporting complete recovery.
“Advanced nutrition means moving beyond generic supplements to create clinically evaluated, mechanism-based products targeting specific metabolic pathways. Klario is our first proof of how this approach can change what’s possible in hypo self-care.”
— Georgia Myers, CEO of Flow Health Science
Klario®: A Novel Approach to Hypoglycaemia Management
Hypoglycemia represents a critical therapeutic challenge in diabetes management: people with T1D may experience 100–200 treatment-related episodes annually. Current recommended therapeutic interventions using glucose-only treatments frequently result in suboptimal outcomes, including rapid glucose fluctuations, persistent neuroglycopenic symptoms, and fear-driven non-adherence to medication.
Klario, a novel multi-substrate energy formulation combining glucose with BHB, was designed to achieve more complete recovery from hypoglycemia. In line with medical guidelines, Klario delivers 15 grams of fast-acting carbs to raise blood glucose quickly, while also raising BHB levels acutely. This combination formula improves glycemic control in the immediate post-treatment period and provides rapid, sustained neuroglycopenic recovery.
For more information about Klario, please visit myklario.com.
About Flow Health Science
Flow Health Science is dedicated to transforming health outcomes through trusted, clinically-proven functional foods. Grounded in advanced metabolic science, our research and pipeline targets diabetes management, fatigue, hormone imbalances, and broader metabolic dysfunction.
Media Contact: Tara Lumley, Chief Strategy & Business Officer — press@flowhealthscience.com
Source: Flow Health Science
10.1111/dom.70632